Research: Identifying animal-to-human transmitted diseases
The Genome Analysis Centre (TGAC) in England will lead research into the development of bioinformatics to support the identification and characterisation of viruses through metagenomics.
The BBSRC-funded research, led by TGAC’s Dr Richard Leggett, aims to develop computational algorithms that can accurately assemble viral genomes contained within metagenomic samples. These microbial samples pose a challenge to researchers as, not only do they contain numerous different viral species; it is also difficult to locate precisely which species are present.
As a currently under explored area, the research is vital to improve our ability to identify viruses. Beneficial to researchers involved in the study of animal-to-human transmitted viruses, disease diagnostics and epidemiology, the three-year project will demonstrate the practical value of the developed bioinformatics tool by testing it against real datasets taken from species expected to host a variety of viruses, including a set of African rodent samples. Samples are being provided by collaborators led by Pablo Murcia at the MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research.
Metagenomics is broadly defined as environmental genomics, allowing the study of microbial communities of our living world. While the sequencing of metagenomic samples follows the same process as that for sequencing a single genome, it becomes more complex at the assembly stage where the short sequenced fragments of DNA must be correctly arranged into the genomes of multiple species. This intricacy is compounded by the currently limited bioinformatics tools available to conduct the assembly for metagenomic samples, particularly for those containing viruses. Having demonstrated the possibility and feasibility of such a tool by the Institute’s previous MetaCortex project that has shown promising results when applied to the analysis of the virome of a species of bats from West Africa, the new research will create the algorithms required to address this gap in metagenomic capabilities.
Dr Richard Leggett, Project Leader at TGAC, said: “This is an exciting project and we hope the work will equip researchers who are looking at a wide range of viral infections, including those affecting humans and agriculturally important livestock.”
The project, titled: Development of computational strategies for identification and characterisation of viruses in metagenomic samples is funded by the BBSRC responsive mode award.
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